Elementary terms. Clausius – Clapeyron equation. Condensation nuclei. Vertical atmosphere velocities computation methods. Eckman spiral, water vapor condensation in the surface layer of the atmosphere. Thermodynamic conditions of the fog creating. Convective clouds. Microstructure and physical cloud processes. Precipitation formation theory. Physical conditions of the rainfall process in the surface atmospheric layer. Precipitation measurement failures. Physical aspects of the snow cover formation and its variation. Electrical and optical features of the clouds and precipitations. Artificial stimulation of cloud and rainfall.